Basic Concepts and Symbolization in Monadic Predicate Logic: Workbook 4 (Logic Self-Taught Workbooks)

Like personal trainers, the Workbooks offer a practical and empathic approach to introductory logic. They are designed for beginners and for anyone who wants to build confidence by doing more exercises. Workbook 4 helps you learn how to: symbolize various types of propositions in (monadic) predicate logic: singular propositions (e.g. “If Romeo is a lover then he is not nasty”) categorical propositions (including propositions of the form “Only S’s are P”) negations of categorical propositions categorical propositions with complex subjects and complex predicates truth-functionally complex propositions with quantified propositions as components. There are numerous exercises whose difficulty increases gradually. The point is to train your “logic muscles” until they become strong enough to carry “heavy-weight” content. The study is aided by many examples worked out step by step, warnings of common errors, as well as complete solutions to all exercises. Workbook 4 focuses exclusively on monadic predicate logic. Workbook 6 considers the more general relational predicate logic. Whenever I use the term ‘predicate logic’ without a qualifier, I mean monadic predicate logic. I use the term ‘quantifier logic’ for the more general relational predicate logic. Logic Self-Taught Workbooks are based on the insight that understanding logic is not sufficient for learning logic, just as understanding how to swim is not sufficient for learning to swim and understanding the grammar of a foreign language is not sufficient for learning that language. You need to practice and take an active part in self-teaching. Through systematic work with the Workbooks, you will build self-confidence. You can learn logic, even its hardest parts. Contents Unit 4.1 The Basics of Predicate Logic A. Limitations of Propositional Logic B. Simple Singular and Quantified Propositions C. Internally and Externally Complex Propositions D. Externally Complex Propositions Unit 4.2 Categorical Propositions A. Four Types of Categorical Propositions B. Symbolization of Categorical Propositions C. Quantifier Scope, Free and Bound Variables D. Universe of Discourse again (Don’t Skip!) E. Only S’s are P F. Limitations of Propositional Logic Unit 4.3 Negations of Quantified Propositions A. Quantifiers and Negation B. Negated Quantifier Equivalences C. Negated Categorical Propositions Unit 4.4. Complex Subjects and Complex Predicates A. A-type Propositions with Complex Subjects and Predicates B. I-type Propositions with Complex Subjects and Predicates C. O-type Propositions with Complex Subjects and Predicates D. E-type Propositions with Complex Subjects and Predicates E. “Only” Propositions with Complex Subjects and Predicates F. Further Exercises Unit 4.5. Complex Symbolizations A. Externally Complex Categorical Propositions B. “Only Some” C. Further Exercises Solutions to Exercises