Normal wear and tear from moderate use. May not include supplements.

Readers continue to turn to Klein’s Organic Chemistry As a Second Language: Second Semester Topics, 4th Edition because it enables them to better understand fundamental principles, solve problems, and focus on what they need to know to succeed. The fourth edition explores the major principles in the field and explains why they are relevant. It is written in a way that clearly shows the patterns in organic chemistry so that readers can gain a deeper conceptual understanding of the material. Topics are presented clearly in an accessible writing style along with numerous hands-on problem solving exercises. Table of contents Chapter 1 Aromaticity 1 1.1 Introduction to Aromatic Compounds 1 1.2 Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds 2 1.3 Criteria for Aromaticity 6 1.4 Lone Pairs 10 Chapter 2 IR Spectroscopy 13 2.1 Vibrational Excitation 14 2.2 IR Spectra 15 2.3 Wavenumber 16 2.4 Signal Intensity 21 2.5 Signal Shape 23 2.6 Analyzing an IR Spectrum 31 Chapter 3 NMR Spectroscopy 38 3.1 Chemical Equivalence 38 3.2 Chemical Shift (Benchmark Values) 42 3.3 Integration 47 3.4 Multiplicity 51 3.5 Pattern Recognition 54 3.6 Complex Splitting 55 3.7 No Splitting 57 3.8 Hydrogen Deficiency Index (Degrees of Unsaturation) 58 3.9 Analyzing a Proton NMR Spectrum 61 3.10 13C NMR Spectroscopy 66 Chapter 4 Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution 69 4.1 Halogenation and the Role of Lewis Acids 70 4.2 Nitration 74 4.3 Friedel-Crafts Alkylation and Acylation 77 4.4 Sulfonation 84 4.5 Activation and Deactivation 89 4.6 Directing Effects 91 4.7 Identifying Activators and Deactivators 101 4.8 Predicting and Exploiting Steric Effects 111 4.9 Synthesis Strategies 119 Chapter 5 Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution 125 5.1 Criteria for Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution 125 5.2 SNAr Mechanism 128 5.3 Elimination-Addition 134 5.4 Mechanism Strategies 139 Chapter 6 Ketones and Aldehydes 142 6.1 Preparation of Ketones and Aldehydes 142 6.2 Stability and Reactivity of C=O Bonds 146 6.3 H-Nucleophiles 148 6.4 O-Nucleophiles 153 6.5 S-Nucleophiles 166 6.6 N-Nucleophiles 168 6.7 C-Nucleophiles 178 6.3 H-Nucleophiles 148 6.4 O-Nucleophiles 153 6.5 S-Nucleophiles 166 6.6 N-Nucleophiles 168 6.7 C-Nucleophiles 178 6.8 Some Important Exceptions to the Rule 188 6.9 How to Approach Synthesis Problems 192 Chapter 7 Carboxylic Acid Derivatives 200 7.1 Reactivity of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives 200 7.2 General Rules 201 7.3 Acid Halides 205 7.4 Acid Anhydrides 214 7.5 Esters 216 7.6 Amides and Nitriles 226 7.7 Synthesis Problems 235 Chapter 8 Enols and Enolates 244 8.1 Alpha Protons 244 8.2 Keto-Enol Tautomerism 246 8.3 Reactions Involving Enols 251 8.4 Making Enolates 254 8.5 Haloform Reaction 257 8.6 Alkylation of Enolates 260 8.7 Aldol Reactions 265 8.8 Claisen Condensation 272 8.9 Decarboxylation 279 8.10 Michael Reactions 286 Chapter 9 Amines 295 9.1 Nucleophilicity and Basicity of Amines 295 9.2 Preparation of Amines Through SN2 Reactions 297 9.3 Preparation of Amines Through Reductive Amination 301 9.4 Acylation of Amines 305 9.5 Reactions of Amines with Nitrous Acid 309 9.6 Aromatic Diazonium Salts 312 Chapter 10 Diels-Alder Reactions 315 10.1 Introduction and Mechanism 315 10.2 The Dienophile 318 10.3 The Diene 320 10.4 Other Pericyclic Reactions 326 Answers 329 Index 375

Organic chemistry can be a challenging subject. Most students view organic chemistry as a subject requiring hours upon hours of memorization. Author David Klein’s Second Language books prove this is not true–organic chemistry is one continuous story that actually makes sense if you pay attention. Offering a unique skill-building approach, these market-leading books teach students how to ask the right questions to solve problems, study more efficiently to avoid wasting time, and learn to speak the language of organic chemistry. The fifth edition of Organic Chemistry as a Second Language: Second Semester Topics builds upon the principles previously explored in first half of the course–delving deeper into molecular mechanisms, reactions, and analytical techniques. Hands-on exercises and thoroughly-explained solutions further reinforce student comprehension of chemical concepts and organic principles. An indispensable supplement to the primary text, this resource covers aromatic compounds, infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, nucleophilic and electrophilic aromatic substitution, ketones and aldehydes, carboxylic acid derivatives, and much more.

Organic chemistry is a challenging subject, with many students expecting it to require many hours of memorization. Author David Klein’s Second Language books prove this is not true–organic chemistry is one continuous story that actually makes sense if you pay close attention. Klein’s books use a conversational tone making them more accessible and easier to read for students. Organic Chemistry as a Second Language: Second Semester Topics, 6e builds on the principles explored in the first half of the course, delving deeper into molecular mechanisms, reactions, and analytical techniques. Using Klein’s one-of-a-kind SkillBuilder approach, the book includes hands-on exercises and thoroughly explained solutions designed to further reinforce student comprehension of chemical concepts and organic principles. An indispensable supplement to the primary text, this resource covers aromatic compounds, infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, nucleophilic and electrophilic aromatic substitution, ketones and aldehydes, carboxylic acid derivatives, and much more. Organic Chemistry as a Second Language: Second Semester Topics, 6e teaches students how to ask the right questions to solve problems, study more efficiently, and learn to speak the language of organic chemistry. Like its first-semester companion title, it is an essential ‘guide on the side’ for any organic chemistry student no matter what textbook or instructor-provided lecture material is used. The inclusion of new end of chapter problems, providing both practice and challenge, will prepare students and build confidence come exam time, as well as outside the classroom.